Iran is one of the prominent country in Middle
East which can change it fate any time. It is sharing borders with Pakistan at east, Afghanistan at north east
and several other central Asian states at west. It is also sharing border with
Turkey. The country is facing so many political and geographical concerns which
are international in nature. The nuclear program it initiated in the wake of
1960s is one of the international issue which entangled the country into
further international chaos. The mentioned international matter hampered its
economy and triggered internal economic disorder into its state. The state is
facing severe economic sanctions since last one decade in pursuit of its
nuclear program. International community had initiated a dialogue amid its
desire for a nuclear weapon. This month proved to be fruitful for both of the
parties to come up to some mark.
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| All Partner of The Initial Nuclear Deal. Picture taken from https://www.google.com.pk/search?q=Iran+Nuclear+Deal&es_sm=93&source=lnms&tbm=isch&sa=X&ved=0CAkQ_AUoA2oVChMIqeWDktr-yAIVweGmCh1Y3wKh&biw=1024&bih=499#imgrc=SQiXsNK5o0OuQM%3A |
1979 was the turning point in the political
history of Iran. It was a time when a religious party toppled Shah of Iran,
Raza Shah Pehlevi. Shah was ruling the country since last two decades. Raza had
made several; deals with the US and the west during his tenure. It was in 1957
when both the mentioned states came up on a mutual agreement about civilian
peaceful nuclear program in Tehran. She also made several deals with several
European companies as well in this regard. These companies made billions of
dollars investment into its nuclear project.
Research work was in progress until 1980s. With the Islamic revolution
came, the nuclear program went into hibernation. The state dismantled all
agreements made with the US and the western companies which was made before the
stated political change.
The initial era of the Islamic government
reversed few of the state’s previous policies regarding the nuclear program.
The supreme Imam Khamenei banned work on the nuclear program. He declared it
haram (forbidden) and deprecate it as it is against the humanity. For almost one decade,
the state made no progress toward the nuclear program.
The power game in Middle East, the later war
with Iraq and the increased hegemony of Israel caused Iran to start a secret
work on its nuclear program again. The country made a war with Iraq which
continued for more than 8 years. Both countries faced a cost of more than one
million deaths. On the other hand, Israel was an increasing threat for the
adjoining Lebanon. These two major reasons along with few other forces Iran to
think back on its nuclear program which can be used as a weapon of deterrence.
The world, especially the US realized in late
1990s that Iran is progressing toward nuclear program. It was in 2003 when
Iran’s official data was released in which they enriched Uranium up to 3.7
percent with few hundreds centrifuges. Sanctions were made against Iran under
UN resolution after Iran refused to halt work on its nuclear program. These
sanctions had a severe repercussions for the state of Iran. Since then the
country, after having advantages of geography and resources, faced sanctions
which hindered its economic and political activities. Country was banned to
have access to the international market for the sale of its petroleum products.
It was also banned not to purchase technology from the west which would to be
used for its local aeronautic industry. Due to this ban, their local industries
were near to bankrupt. It was totally made isolated in this globalizing world.
Despite such sanctions, Iran continued its
progress on nuclear program. The later data revealed that they installed more
than 19000 centrifuges from few hundreds in 2003. With this much technology,
they were able to enrich uranium up to 20 percent. Keeping in mind this fast
speed of progress, international community, particularity the US, made
sanctions more severe. Such sanctions brought them into the table. And they are
near to reach the final agreement on the coming 30th June.
Media and analysis reports mentioned that
both the states, Iran and the US, made compromises. As per the preliminary
obligations of the agreement released a week ago, Iran was allowed to keep up
to 3 thousand centrifuges which is to be used for Medical purposes. Although
same states especially Israel and the Saudi Arabia denounce this agreement and
expressed its feelings that such permission will give Iran another chance to
enrich Uranium up to 90 percent secretly. And it will encourage the rest of the
states in Middle East to start a new race of arms which can be unstoppable.
